Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and, in a small number of patients, transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) are important tools in aortic stenosis (AS) and aortic regurgitation (AR) which can provide information on the type and degree of valve dysfunction as well as on the haemodynamic burden induced by the valve defect in order to optimise diagnosis, stratify prognosis, and address management [1].

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